User Persona
A fictional but research-based profile of a typical target user that describes goals, behaviors, motivations and pain points.
Personas give product, marketing and sales teams a shared picture of who they serve, which reduces debates based on personal opinion and helps prioritize features, messaging and content toward the users that matter most.
A B2B software team interviews 14 operations managers, clusters findings by goal and workflow, and writes two one-page personas, a hands-on administrator and a budget-owning director, which then guide onboarding screens and email copy.
Personas built from assumptions or demographics alone mislead more than they help, and long persona documents tend to go unused. They age as markets change, and they do not replace usability testing or accessibility work for all users.
A persona typically includes a name, role, short backstory, goals, behaviors, motivations and frustrations, synthesized from interviews, observation, surveys and analytics gathered through User Research. Teams usually define one or two primary personas as design targets plus a few secondary ones. Design personas focus on how people use a product, while marketing personas, closer to the Ideal Customer Profile (ICP), focus on buying behavior.
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Nielsen Norman Group — Personas Make Users Memorable — https://www.nngroup.com/articles/persona/; Interaction Design Foundation — What are Personas? — https://ixdf.org/literature/topics/personas
